Preparing for the next pandemic by understanding the impact of COVID-19 mitigation measures on patients with eating Disorders: observations from an inpatient setting.

OBJECTIVE: The COVID-19 pandemic overwhelmed eating disorder (ED) services worldwide. Data suggests a worsening of psychopathology and an increased request for specialised treatments. Still, the studies are mostly based on experimental protocols with underpowered short-term opportunistic experimental designs. Thus, this study aims to assess the clinical and psychological differences between patients admitted to a specialised ED Unit before and after the COVID-19 breakout. METHODS: Consecutive patients admitted from June 2014 to February 2022 in a specialised EDs Unit were enrolled. A total sample of 498 individuals was enrolled in this retrospective study, collecting demographic and psychopathological data at admission. RESULTS: An increase in the admission of patients with anorexia nervosa has been reported, with lower age and higher levels of specific and general psychopathology, especially linked to body uneasiness. CONCLUSIONS: Results are put into the context of the preparation for the next pandemic that may require similar mitigation measures as COVID-19 to ensure the impact on existing and new patients. Covering an extended period with validated tools, our results might help psychiatric services to reassess their treatment pathways after the pandemic, helping clinicians to delineate future treatment interventions.KEYPOINTSAfter the COVID-19 breakdown, there was an increase in the admission of patients with anorexia nervosa to specialised services.More severe psychopathology was not accompanied by lower body mass index.Specialised eating disorders services should face sudden changes in patients' requests for treatment.Understanding the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and the resulting mitigation measures taken can lead to better preparations for the next pandemic.

Features of the COVID-19 in lung tissue damage admitted to hospital

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread despite all the efforts of the medical community. The aim of the study - to identify the features of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) with lung tissue damage in men and women receiving inpatient treatment. Material and methods. The method of continuous sampling selected 225 patients admitted to inpatient treatment. The patients were divided in 2 groups: the 1st group - men (n=85), the 2nd group - women (n=140). Statistical processing was carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 program. Results. In a comprehensive study of the features of lung tissue damage by the new coronavirus infection SARS-CoV-2 in men and women was found that women received inpatient treatment more often, after ineffective outpatient treatment, the general serious condition at admission was more typical for women who had a positive result of a PCR-test for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 (p=0.038). In the presence of general clinical manifestations complaints of loss of sense of smell were more often presented by women (p=0.020). According to laboratory studies in the indicators of general clinical and biochemical blood tests, on average men often have higher levels of creatinine (p<0.001), women more often have elevated levels of ESR (p=0.003), erythrocytes (p<0.001), CRP (p=0.042) and decreased hemoglobin (p=0.029). Conclusion. In the first wave of the Wuhan pandemic of the SARS-CoV-2 virus strain women prevailed among patients admitted to inpatient treatment with lung tissue damage after ineffective outpatient treatment (p=0.038). There was a commonality in age and clinical manifestations, of the complaints in women, only loss of sense of smell was more common (p=0.020). The erythrocytosis detected in women, increased ESR and CRP, lower hemoglobin and creatinine levels are not specific for COVID-19. There were no statistically significant differences in the terms of hospitalization and the fatal outcome of the disease between men and women.Copyright © Eco-Vector, 2022.

Treatment cost assessment for COVID-19 inpatients in Shenzhen, China 2020-2021: facts and suggestions.

Background: Knowledge regarding the treatment cost of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the real world is vital for disease burden forecasts and health resources planning. However, it is greatly hindered by obtaining reliable cost data from actual patients. To address this knowledge gap, this study aims to estimate the treatment cost and specific cost components for COVID-19 inpatients in Shenzhen city, China in 2020-2021. Methods: It is a 2 years' cross-sectional study. The de-identified discharge claims were collected from the hospital information system (HIS) of COVID-19 designated hospital in Shenzhen, China. One thousand three hundred ninety-eight inpatients with a discharge diagnosis for COVID-19 from January 10, 2020 (the first COVID-19 case admitted in the hospital in Shenzhen) to December 31, 2021. A comparison was made of treatment cost and cost components of COVID-19 inpatients among seven COVID-19 clinical classifications (asymptomatic, mild, moderate, severe, critical, convalescent and re-positive cases) and three admission stages (divided by the implementation of different treatment guidelines). The multi-variable linear regression models were used to conduct the analysis. Results: The treatment cost for included COVID-19 inpatients was USD 3,328.8. The number of convalescent cases accounted for the largest proportion of all COVID-19 inpatients (42.7%). The severe and critical cases incurred more than 40% of treatment cost on western medicine, while the other five COVID-19 clinical classifications spent the largest proportion (32%-51%) on lab testing. Compared with asymptomatic cases, significant increases of treatment cost were observed in mild cases (by 30.0%), moderate cases (by 49.2%), severe cases (by 228.7%) and critical cases (by 680.7%), while reductions were shown in re-positive cases (by 43.1%) and convalescent cases (by 38.6%). The decreasing trend of treatment cost was observed during the latter two stages by 7.6 and 17.9%, respectively. Conclusions: Our findings identified the difference of inpatient treatment cost across seven COVID-19 clinical classifications and the changes at three admission stages. It is highly suggestive to inform the financial burden experienced by the health insurance fund and the Government, to emphasize the rational use of lab tests and western medicine in the COVID-19 treatment guideline, and to design suitable treatment and control policy for convalescent cases.

The increase in medical admissions with anorexia nervosa during the COVID-19 pandemic in Western Australia.

OBJECTIVE: A comparative study to describe the increase in medical admissions of children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN) in Western Australia in 2019 (pre-pandemic) and 2020 (peri-pandemic). METHOD: Patient demographics, physiological parameters, length of stay, time to assessment by the Eating Disorder Service (EDS), and commencement of specialist eating disorder (ED) outpatient treatment was collected for adolescents admitted with AN between 1st January 2019 and 31st December 2020. RESULTS: The number of admissions doubled from 126 in 2019 to 268 in 2020. The number of children admitted increased by 52%. The median length of hospital stay was shorter in 2020 (12 vs. 17 days; p < .001), but the 28-day readmission rate was greater (39.9% vs. 22.2%; p < .001). At the time of hospital discharge in 2020, only 60% of patients were able to step-down into specialist ED outpatient treatment, compared to 93% in 2019. The mean number of admissions per child before completing EDS assessment increased significantly in 2020 (2.75 vs. 0, p < .001). DISCUSSION: Shorter inpatient stays and delays in the commencement of specialist ED outpatient treatment may have contributed to the increased readmission rate seen in 2020. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE: This research is important as it explores the reasons for increased medical presentations and admissions of youth with AN during the COVID-19 pandemic in Western Australia. We hope that our lessons learned may be helpful to others trying to balance similar clinical workloads.

Low COVID-19 Vaccination Rates Among Psychiatric Inpatients: Implications for Institutional Settings and Outreach Efforts.

OBJECTIVE: This study sought to determine COVID-19 vaccination rates for individuals with serious mental illness admitted to a large health system in New York State. METHODS: Vaccination rates among 12,714 patients admitted to psychiatric units and to medical and surgical units were compared between April 6, 2021, and September 30, 2021. RESULTS: Only 40% (N=416 of 1,029) of patients admitted to psychiatric services had at least one COVID-19 vaccination, whereas 64.4% (7,523 of 11,685) of patients admitted to medical and surgical services had at least one vaccination. After adjustment for differences in key demographic and clinical characteristics, patients admitted to psychiatric services had a significantly lower likelihood of vaccination during the study period (risk ratio=0.78, 95% confidence interval=0.73-0.85, p<0.001). Black psychiatric patients had the lowest vaccination rate (28%). CONCLUSIONS: Psychiatric patients with acute illness had low COVID-19 vaccination rates. Targeted outreach for COVID-19 vaccination is necessary to reach this population.

[Impact of the COVID pandemic on treatment of bariatric patients in Germany-An analysis of the national StuDoQ/MBE register]. / Auswirkungen der COVID-Pandemie auf die Versorgung bariatrischer Patienten in Deutschland ­ eine Analyse des nationalen StuDoQ/MBE-Registers.

BACKGROUND: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic the standard inpatient care of patients was restricted to increase overall and intensive care capacity reserves for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infected persons. OBJECTIVE: This article presents the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the surgical and postoperative care of bariatric patients in Germany. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A statistical analysis of the national StuDoQ/MBE register data for the period from 1 May 2018 until 31 May 2022 was performed. RESULTS: Throughout the entire study period there was a continuous increase in documented operations, which continued even during the COVID-19 pandemic. A significant intermittent decline in surgery performed was observed only during the imposition of first lockdown in the months of March to May 2020, with a minimum number of 194 cases performed monthly in April 2020. The pandemic had no measurable effect on the surgically treated patient population, the type of surgical procedure, the perioperative and postoperative outcomes and follow-up care. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of the StuDoQ data and the current literature, it can be deduced that bariatric surgery can be carried out with no increased risk during the COVID-19 pandemic and the quality of postoperative care is not impaired.

A systemic-oriented child and adolescent psychiatric unit in Piraeus, Greece: Sailing in troubled waters

A systemic approach to child and adolescent psychiatry involves not only the immediate family but also the wider environment in which the subject lives. Despite growing evidence confirming the effectiveness of systemic family therapy in child and adolescent psychiatry, this approach is not well represented in inpatient services in Greece. We present systemic principles as practiced at a child and adolescent psychiatric inpatient clinic embedded in a general hospital. We consider the competencies and strengths achieved by the team within a systemic epistemology, the difficulties of functioning in a biomedical-oriented environment, and the challenges faced during the 10-year socioeconomic crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic.

Evaluating the impact of COVID-19 on severity at admission and response to inpatient treatment for adult and adolescent patients with eating disorders.

OBJECTIVE: The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with increased hospitalization rates and worsened symptom severity in patients with eating disorders (ED), but most studies focused exclusively on adolescents. Further, research evaluating the impact of COVID-19 on response to inpatient treatment for ED is limited. This study aimed to compare demographic characteristics, symptom severity at admission, and discharge outcomes for adult and adolescent inpatients with EDs admitted before and after onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. We expected the post-COVID cohort would report elevated symptomatology and poorer response to treatment compared to the pre-COVID cohort and that this effect would be amplified for adolescents. METHOD: Patients were consecutively hospitalized adults and adolescents treated in a specialized behavioral integrated inpatient-partial hospitalization program for eating disorders between March 2018 and March 2022 (N = 261). RESULTS: The effect of COVID-19 on symptomatology was moderated by age group such that adolescents in the post-COVID cohort, but not adults, reported higher levels of eating disorder and depressive symptoms compared to the pre-COVID cohort. No group differences were observed for discharge outcomes (rate of weight gain, length of stay, or percent target weight). DISCUSSION: Findings with respect to elevated symptomatology in adolescents but not adults may reflect the particularly negative impact of social isolation on adolescents. Future research is needed to assess the impact of COVID-19 on long-term treatment outcomes including relapse at 1-year, as well as the potential impact of COVID-19 on treatment availability for chronically ill adults or those with public insurance. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE: Patients with eating disorders (ED) admitted to a specialty inpatient program after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic were younger and more likely to be male than those admitted pre-pandemic. Adolescents admitted post-COVID, but not adults, reported elevated ED and depressive symptoms compared to the pre-COVID cohort. Group differences were not observed for treatment response. Future research should evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on relapse risk in EDs.

A systemic‐oriented child and adolescent psychiatric unit in Piraeus, Greece: Sailing in troubled waters

A systemic approach to child and adolescent psychiatry involves not only the immediate family but also the wider environment in which the subject lives. Despite growing evidence confirming the effectiveness of systemic family therapy in child and adolescent psychiatry, this approach is not well represented in inpatient services in Greece. We present systemic principles as practiced at a child and adolescent psychiatric inpatient clinic embedded in a general hospital. We consider the competencies and strengths achieved by the team within a systemic epistemology, the difficulties of functioning in a biomedical‐oriented environment, and the challenges faced during the 10‐year socioeconomic crisis and the COVID‐19 pandemic. [ FROM AUTHOR]

Features of the COVID-19 in lung tissue damage admitted to hospital

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread despite all the efforts of the medical community. The aim of the study – to identify the features of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) with lung tissue damage in men and women receiving inpatient treatment. Material and methods. The method of continuous sampling selected 225 patients admitted to inpatient treatment. The patients were divided in 2 groups: the 1st group – men (n=85), the 2nd group – women (n=140). Statistical processing was carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 program. Results. In a comprehensive study of the features of lung tissue damage by the new coronavirus infection SARS-CoV-2 in men and women was found that women received inpatient treatment more often, after ineffective outpatient treatment, the general serious condition at admission was more typical for women who had a positive result of a PCR-test for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 (p=0.038). In the presence of general clinical manifestations complaints of loss of sense of smell were more often presented by women (p=0.020). According to laboratory studies in the indicators of general clinical and biochemical blood tests, on average men often have higher levels of creatinine (p<0.001), women more often have elevated levels of ESR (p=0.003), erythrocytes (p<0.001), CRP (p=0.042) and decreased hemoglobin (p=0.029). Conclusion. In the first wave of the Wuhan pandemic of the SARS-CoV-2 virus strain women prevailed among patients admitted to inpatient treatment with lung tissue damage after ineffective outpatient treatment (p=0.038). There was a commonality in age and clinical manifestations, of the complaints in women, only loss of sense of smell was more common (p=0.020). The erythrocytosis detected in women, increased ESR and CRP, lower hemoglobin and creatinine levels are not specific for COVID-19. There were no statistically significant differences in the terms of hospitalization and the fatal outcome of the disease between men and women. © Eco-Vector, 2022.

Longer-term psychiatric inpatient care for adolescents: A multidisciplinary treatment approach

This open access book describes the theoretical underpinnings and operational aspects of delivering longer-term inpatient psychiatric care to adolescents experiencing severe, unremitting mental illness. The authorship is drawn from the multidisciplinary team that supports the Walker Adolescent Unit, located in Sydney, Australia. The book begins with an account of the planning and development of the unit, an examination of the physical environment, and the adaptations that have been made to ensure its functionality. There follows a consideration of the therapeutic milieu. The book describes clinical processes such as admission and discharge planning, formulation and case review. There is information about the specific roles of professionals and the therapies that they provide. The book describes the steps taken to maintain and enhance the physical wellbeing of patients. There are chapters dedicated to governance, and to training and education. The final chapter describes how the unit responded to challenges created by the COVID-19 pandemic. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Immunomodulatory therapies for COVID-19.

Purpose: As COVID-19 disease progresses, the host inflammatory response contributes to hypoxemia and severe and critical illness. In these latter stages of disease, patients may benefit from immunomodulatory therapies to control the aberrant host inflammatory response. In this review, we provide an overview of these therapies and provide summaries of the studies that led to issuance of FDA Emergency Use Authorization or recommendation by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA). Materials and methods: We reviewed English-language studies, Emergency Use Authorizations (EUAs), and guidelines from March 2020 to present. Conclusion and relevance: There are several therapies with proposed benefit in severe and critical COVID-19 disease. Few have been issued FDA EUA or recommendation by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA). Physicians should be familiar with the evidence supporting use of these therapies and the patient populations most likely to benefit from each.

The Relationship between the Unmet Needs of Chinese Family Caregivers and the Quality of Life of Childhood Cancer Patients Undergoing Inpatient Treatment: A Mediation Model through Caregiver Depression.

A large proportion of the global burden of childhood cancer arises in China. These patients have a poor quality of life (QoL) and their family caregivers have high unmet needs. This paper examined the association between the unmet needs of family caregivers and the care recipient's QoL. A total of 286 childhood cancer caregivers were included in this cross-sectional study. Unmet needs and depression among caregivers were assessed by the Comprehensive Needs Assessment Tool for Cancer Caregivers (CNAT-C) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), respectively. The patient's QoL was proxy-reported by the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Measurement Models (PedsQL 3.0 scale Cancer Module). Descriptive analyses, independent Student's t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and mediation analyses were performed. The mean scores (standard deviations) for unmet needs, depression, and QoL were 65.47 (26.24), 9.87 (7.26), and 60.13 (22.12), respectively. A caregiver's unmet needs (r = -0.272, p < 0.001) and depression (r = -0.279, p < 0.001) were negatively related to a care recipient's QoL. Depression among caregivers played a mediating role in the relationship between a caregiver's unmet needs and a care recipient's QoL. As nursing interventions address depression among caregivers, it is important to standardize the programs that offer psychological support to caregivers.

Buffering effect of in-patient psychiatric care on the link between fear of covid-19 and mental health consequences.

BACKGROUND& AIMES: Psychiatric admissions during the covid-19 pandemic were limited, overlooking their possible benefit. This study focused on assessing the effect of the fear of covid on the mental health and well-being of inpatients as opposed to outpatients. METHODS: During the first lockdown, forty-four inpatients and day care patients (inpatient group) and 74 outpatients (outpatient group) were recruited after an informed consent procedure. Fear of the infection was assessed using the Fear of COVID-19 (FCV-19S); severity of mental health symptomatology was evaluated with the outcome questionnaire-45 (OQ-45); wellbeing was assessed with the Psychological well-being scale (PWB). OUTCOMES: There was no difference between the inpatient group and outpatient group in their fear of COVID-19 levels.FCV-19 predicted changes in the outpatient OQ total score (B â€‹= â€‹2.21, p â€‹< 0.001), OQ interpersonal relation subscale (B â€‹= â€‹0.34, p â€‹= 0.01), PWB total score (B â€‹= â€‹-0.05, p â€‹< 0.001), PWB environmental mastery subscale (B â€‹= â€‹-0.07, p â€‹< 0.001) and PWB positive relation subscale (B â€‹= â€‹-0.05, p â€‹< 0.001), but not in the inpatient group. CONCLUSIONS: Mental health and wellbeing of the outpatient group, which had less therapeutic contact than the inpatient group, correlated with the fear of covid, supporting the hypothesis that intensive psychiatric therapy had a protective effect on the mental health consequences of "fear of covid".

[Presentation of an innovative interdisciplinary and cross-sector therapeutic concept for pain patients as part of a regional selective contract]. / Vorstellung eines innovativen interdisziplinären, sektoren-übergreifenden und gestuften Behandlungskonzepts für Schmerzpatient*innen im Rahmen eines regionalen Selektivvertrages nach §140a SGB V.

BACKGROUND: A graded therapeutic concept for the treatment of chronic pain patients in Germany is only available to a limited extent. Following the onset of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), care for these patients has become even worse. AIM: To develop and establish a cross-sector therapeutic concept for chronic pain patients as part of a selective contract. METHODS: Embedded in existing therapeutic procedures, we define seven clinical pathways (CPs) into which patients are directed, after an interdisciplinary assessment according to refined criteria. ORGANIZATION: In CP I, patients remain in standard therapy. In CP II, patients have the opportunity to participate in an additional inter-profession education program. In CP III, patients get a specialized outpatient treatment. CP IV is a partial inpatient treatment, where multiple inpatient attendance days are replaced by tele-medical treatment, via a rehabilitation app. CP V and VI are inpatient treatments over 8 and 15 days each. If patients need further psychotherapeutic support after an inpatient treatment, they can be treated by clinical psychotherapists for another six months in CP VII. EVALUATION: The evaluation takes place 3, 6 and 12 months after initial assessment and includes the German Pain Questionnaire with different psychometric tests.

Effects of the first COVID-19 lockdown on quality and safety in mental healthcare transitions in England.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic forced the rapid implementation of changes to practice in mental health services, in particular transitions of care. Care transitions pose a particular threat to patient safety. AIMS: This study aimed to understand the perspectives of different stakeholders about the impact of temporary changes in practice and policy of mental health transitions as a result of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on perceived healthcare quality and safety. METHOD: Thirty-four participants were interviewed about quality and safety in mental health transitions during May and June 2020 (the end of the first UK national lockdown). Semi-structured remote interviews were conducted to generate in-depth information pertaining to various stakeholders (patients, carers, healthcare professionals and key informants). Results were analysed thematically. RESULTS: The qualitative data highlighted six overarching themes in relation to practice changes: (a) technology-enabled communication; (b) discharge planning and readiness; (c) community support and follow-up; (d) admissions; (e) adapting to new policy and guidelines; (f) health worker safety and well-being. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated some quality and safety concerns such as tensions between teams, reduced support in the community and increased threshold for admissions. Also, several improvement interventions previously recommended in the literature, were implemented locally. DISCUSSION: The practice of mental health transitions has transformed during the COVID-19 pandemic, affecting quality and safety. National policies concerning mental health transitions should concentrate on converting the mostly local and temporary positive changes into sustainable service quality improvements and applying systematic corrective policies to prevent exacerbations of previous quality and safety concerns.

Role of Psychiatric Hospitals in the Equitable Distribution of COVID-19 Vaccines.

OBJECTIVE: This study examined the feasibility of offering COVID-19 vaccinations to patients in inpatient psychiatric facilities (IPFs). METHODS: Descriptive analyses were conducted to examine relationships among measures of influenza immunization, transmission of transition records, and attainment of follow-up care with data from 1,602 IPFs in 2018 and the COVID-19 Community Vulnerability Index. RESULTS: One-quarter of IPFs were in counties with high or very high COVID-19 vulnerability. On average, 84% of patients at IPFs were screened for influenza immunization status and were offered an immunization if indicated. Only 57% of patients had their records transmitted to another provider within 24 hours of discharge, and 50% had a follow-up visit with a mental health provider within 30 days. Scores on attainment of follow-up care were worse in counties with higher COVID-19 vulnerability. CONCLUSIONS: IPFs may be well positioned to offer COVID-19 vaccinations but will need new processes and improved rates of follow-up care to ensure that patients receive the second dose.

[Influence of the corona pandemic on pain patients : Which impacts of the pandemic on their care do patients with chronic pain experience?] / Einfluss der Coronapandemie auf Schmerzpatienten : Welche Auswirkungen der Pandemie auf ihre Versorgung nehmen Patienten mit chronischen Schmerzen wahr?

BACKGROUND: Diseases caused by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) have led to a pandemic in a very dynamic manner. The epidemiological situation of national importance required infection control measures with the aim of reducing morbidity and mortality. An overburdening of the healthcare system should be avoided. The measures taken to combat the pandemic have had an impact on public and private life. Patients suffering from chronic pain have also been greatly affected. QUESTION: Which impact on their care do patients with chronic pain experience? METHOD: After multimodal inpatient treatment 70 pain patients were interviewed by telephone in a standardized fashion. They were asked about their condition as follows: did the changes due to the pandemic result in an increase in pain levels, a deterioration in mood and did the pandemic have a negative impact on the supply of pain medication? RESULTS: Changes in the biopsychosocial area were experienced by the patients and affected their overall well-being. Chronically ill pain patients were particularly affected by the lockdown. A large number of patients associated a deterioration in mood and aggravation of the chronic pain with measures resulting from the pandemic. The mood deterioration was clearly associated (70% of respondents). An increase in pain was associated with changes caused by the pandemic in 44% of respondents. Of the patients 39% reported a deterioration of the pain management. The measures taken to combat the pandemic have had and still have an impact on the lives of chronically ill pain patients. DISCUSSION: It is necessary to maintain the limited but still existing options of coordinated care for pain patients following a multimodal inpatient stay, even in difficult situations. The negative effects of a reduction in medical care are an argument in favor of multimodal outpatient care, especially after inpatient treatment.

COVID-19 and psychiatric admissions: An observational study of the first six months of lockdown in Melbourne.

Research on the effect of a prolonged lockdown on inpatient admissions is limited. In this background, this study was planned, and it included patients admitted to inpatient units of a large mental health network in Melbourne during the lockdown (March 16-September 16, 2020) and a similar time period in 2019. The results showed a 12% decrease in admissions. The lockdown period included patients with lower mean age and more patients with never married status, higher education status, students and patients with home duties, and certain psychiatric diagnoses. Overall, the patients needing inpatient treatment during a prolonged lockdown are different.